Jesus and His disciples travel to the villages near Caesarea Philippi in the northern region of Galilee, following a period of ministry that included feeding four thousand people, confronting the Pharisees who demanded a sign, and warning the disciples about the leaven of the Pharisees and Herod. Jesus has been teaching extensively and performing miracles, but the religious leaders continue to oppose Him while the disciples struggle to fully comprehend His identity and mission. The journey to Caesarea Philippi marks a significant transition as Jesus begins to prepare His inner circle for what lies ahead in Jerusalem. Jesus is addressing His disciples.
[27] Now Jesus and His disciples went out to the towns of Caesarea Philippi; and on the road He asked His disciples, saying to them, “Who do men say that I am?”
[28] So they answered, “John the Baptist; but some say, Elijah; and others, one of the prophets.”
[29] He said to them, “But who do you say that I am?”
Peter answered and said to Him, “You are the Christ.”
[30] Then He strictly warned them that they should tell no one about Him.
[31] And He began to teach them that the Son of Man must suffer many things, and be rejected by the elders and chief priests and scribes, and be killed, and after three days rise again. [32] He spoke this word openly. Then Peter took Him aside and began to rebuke Him. [33] But when He had turned around and looked at His disciples, He rebuked Peter, saying, “Get behind Me, Satan! For you are not mindful of the things of God, but the things of men.”
[34] When He had called the people to Himself, with His disciples also, He said to them, “Whoever desires to come after Me, let him deny himself, and take up his cross, and follow Me. [35] For whoever desires to save his life will lose it, but whoever loses his life for My sake and the gospel’s will save it. [36] For what will it profit a man if he gains the whole world, and loses his own soul? [37] Or what will a man give in exchange for his soul? [38] For whoever is ashamed of Me and My words in this adulterous and sinful generation, of him the Son of Man also will be ashamed when He comes in the glory of His Father with the holy angels.”
[1] And He said to them, “Assuredly, I say to you that there are some standing here who will not taste death till they see the kingdom of God present with power.”
[2] Now after six days Jesus took Peter, James, and John, and led them up on a high mountain apart by themselves; and He was transfigured before them. [3] His clothes became shining, exceedingly white, like snow, such as no launderer on earth can whiten them. [4] And Elijah appeared to them with Moses, and they were talking with Jesus. [5] Then Peter answered and said to Jesus, “Rabbi, it is good for us to be here; and let us make three tabernacles: one for You, one for Moses, and one for Elijah”— [6] because he did not know what to say, for they were greatly afraid.
[7] And a cloud came and overshadowed them; and a voice came out of the cloud, saying, “This is My beloved Son. Hear Him!” [8] Suddenly, when they had looked around, they saw no one anymore, but only Jesus with themselves.
[9] Now as they came down from the mountain, He commanded them that they should tell no one the things they had seen, till the Son of Man had risen from the dead. [10] So they kept this word to themselves, questioning what the rising from the dead meant.
[11] And they asked Him, saying, “Why do the scribes say that Elijah must come first?”
[12] Then He answered and told them, “Indeed, Elijah is coming first and restores all things. And how is it written concerning the Son of Man, that He must suffer many things and be treated with contempt? [13] But I say to you that Elijah has also come, and they did to him whatever they wished, as it is written of him.”
Jesus has been ministering throughout Galilee, teaching crowds, performing miracles including feeding five thousand people with five loaves and two fish, and sending out the twelve apostles to preach and heal. The disciples have returned from their mission, and Jesus has withdrawn with them to a solitary place near Bethsaida. After the miraculous feeding, the crowds sought Jesus, but he continued teaching his disciples privately about the kingdom of God. The religious leaders, particularly the Pharisees and teachers of the law, have been questioning Jesus's authority and identity throughout his ministry, and rumors about who he might be have circulated among the people, with some suggesting he is John the Baptist risen from the dead, Elijah, or another prophet.
[18] And it happened, as He was alone praying, that His disciples joined Him, and He asked them, saying, “Who do the crowds say that I am?”
[19] So they answered and said, “John the Baptist, but some say Elijah; and others say that one of the old prophets has risen again.”
[20] He said to them, “But who do you say that I am?”
Peter answered and said, “The Christ of God.”
[21] And He strictly warned and commanded them to tell this to no one, [22] saying, “The Son of Man must suffer many things, and be rejected by the elders and chief priests and scribes, and be killed, and be raised the third day.”
[23] Then He said to them all, “If anyone desires to come after Me, let him deny himself, and take up his cross daily, and follow Me. [24] For whoever desires to save his life will lose it, but whoever loses his life for My sake will save it. [25] For what profit is it to a man if he gains the whole world, and is himself destroyed or lost? [26] For whoever is ashamed of Me and My words, of him the Son of Man will be ashamed when He comes in His own glory, and in His Father’s, and of the holy angels. [27] But I tell you truly, there are some standing here who shall not taste death till they see the kingdom of God.”
[28] Now it came to pass, about eight days after these sayings, that He took Peter, John, and James and went up on the mountain to pray. [29] As He prayed, the appearance of His face was altered, and His robe became white and glistening. [30] And behold, two men talked with Him, who were Moses and Elijah, [31] who appeared in glory and spoke of His decease which He was about to accomplish at Jerusalem. [32] But Peter and those with him were heavy with sleep; and when they were fully awake, they saw His glory and the two men who stood with Him. [33] Then it happened, as they were parting from Him, that Peter said to Jesus, “Master, it is good for us to be here; and let us make three tabernacles: one for You, one for Moses, and one for Elijah”—not knowing what he said.
[34] While he was saying this, a cloud came and overshadowed them; and they were fearful as they entered the cloud. [35] And a voice came out of the cloud, saying, “This is My beloved Son. Hear Him!” [36] When the voice had ceased, Jesus was found alone. But they kept quiet, and told no one in those days any of the things they had seen.
Young people should rejoice in their youth and follow their heart's desires, but they must remember that God will judge all their actions. Solomon urges them to remove sorrow from their hearts and put away evil from their flesh, recognizing that youth and vigor are fleeting. He emphasizes that people should remember their Creator in the days of their youth, before the difficult years arrive and old age brings its burdens. The passage preceding this describes the uncertainties of life and the need to act diligently despite not knowing what the future holds, encouraging generosity and wise action while one has opportunity. Solomon is addressing young people, urging them to live joyfully yet responsibly before God.
[9] Rejoice, O young man, in your youth,
And let your heart cheer you in the days of your youth;
Walk in the ways of your heart,
And in the sight of your eyes;
But know that for all these
God will bring you into judgment.
[10] Therefore remove sorrow from your heart,
And put away evil from your flesh,
For childhood and youth are vanity.
[1] Remembernow your Creator in the days of your youth,
Before the difficult days come,
And the years draw near when you say,
“I have no pleasure in them”:
[2] While the sun and the light,
The moon and the stars,
Are not darkened,
And the clouds do not return after the rain;
[3] In the day when the keepers of the house tremble,
And the strong men bow down;
When the grinders cease because they are few,
And those that look through the windows grow dim;
[4] When the doors are shut in the streets,
And the sound of grinding is low;
When one rises up at the sound of a bird,
And all the daughters of music are brought low.
[5] Also they are afraid of height,
And of terrors in the way;
When the almond tree blossoms,
The grasshopper is a burden,
And desire fails.
For man goes to his eternal home,
And the mourners go about the streets.
[6] Remember your Creator before the silver cord is loosed,
Or the golden bowl is broken,
Or the pitcher shattered at the fountain,
Or the wheel broken at the well.
[7] Then the dust will return to the earth as it was,
And the spirit will return to God who gave it.
The prophet Isaiah has been pronouncing judgment against Assyria for its arrogance and oppression of God's people. He describes how the Assyrian invader will be suddenly destroyed despite its military might and cunning strategies. Isaiah then shifts to portray Jerusalem's future security and peace after God delivers the city from this threat. He contrasts the trembling fear that gripped the sinners in Zion with the righteousness and faith that will characterize those who dwell safely in God's presence. The prophet emphasizes that those who walk righteously and speak uprightly will see the king in his beauty and behold a land stretching far into the distance, no longer confined by siege.
[20] Look upon Zion, the city of our appointed feasts;
Your eyes will see Jerusalem, a quiet home,
A tabernacle that will not be taken down;
Not one of its stakes will ever be removed,
Nor will any of its cords be broken.
[21] But there the majestic Lord will be for us
A place of broad rivers and streams,
In which no galley with oars will sail,
Nor majestic ships pass by
[22] (For the Lord is our Judge,
The Lord is our Lawgiver,
The Lord is our King;
He will save us);
Peter writes to believers who have received faith through God's righteousness, encouraging them to grow in Christian virtues and knowledge of Christ. He emphasizes that these qualities prevent ineffectiveness and confirm their calling and election. Peter expresses his commitment to continually remind them of these truths while he is still alive, knowing that his death is approaching as the Lord Jesus Christ has revealed to him. He wants to ensure they can recall these teachings after his departure. Peter then affirms the reliability of the apostolic witness, contrasting it with cleverly invented myths, and references the Transfiguration where he, James, and John witnessed Christ's majesty and heard God's voice declaring Jesus as His beloved Son.
[12] For this reason I will not be negligent to remind you always of these things, though you know and are established in the present truth. [13] Yes, I think it is right, as long as I am in this tent, to stir you up by reminding you, [14] knowing that shortly I must put off my tent, just as our Lord Jesus Christ showed me. [15] Moreover I will be careful to ensure that you always have a reminder of these things after my decease.
[16] For we did not follow cunningly devised fables when we made known to you the power and coming of our Lord Jesus Christ, but were eyewitnesses of His majesty. [17] For He received from God the Father honor and glory when such a voice came to Him from the Excellent Glory: “This is My beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased.” [18] And we heard this voice which came from heaven when we were with Him on the holy mountain.
[19] And so we have the prophetic word confirmed, which you do well to heed as a light that shines in a dark place, until the day dawns and the morning star rises in your hearts;
Wisdom personified is being described through an extended poetic discourse that began earlier in the book. The author, traditionally identified as Solomon though likely a later Jewish writer in Alexandria, has been exploring the nature and value of wisdom, explaining how he came to desire and seek it above all earthly treasures. He previously established that wisdom is a gift from God, describing his prayer for understanding and recounting how he valued wisdom more than kingdoms, thrones, riches, or health. The passage now continues this meditation by elaborating on wisdom's divine qualities and intimate relationship with God, portraying wisdom as an emanation of divine glory and a reflection of God's eternal light. This philosophical description draws on both Jewish tradition and Hellenistic thought to present wisdom as the means through which God orders creation and through which humans can achieve virtue and understanding.
[25] For she is the breath of the power of God, and a pure influence flowing from the glory of the Almighty: therefore can no defiled thing fall into her. [26] For she is the brightness of the everlasting light, the unspotted mirror of the power of God, and the image of his goodness. [27] And being but one, she can do all things: and remaining in herself, she maketh all things new: and in all ages entering into holy souls, she maketh them friends of God, and prophets. [28] For God loveth none but him that dwelleth with wisdom. [29] For she is more beautiful than the sun, and above all the order of stars: being compared with the light, she is found before it. [30] For after this cometh night: but vice shall not prevail against wisdom.
[1] Wisdom reacheth from one end to another mightily: and sweetly doth she order all things.
[2] I loved her, and sought her out from my youth, I desired to make her my spouse, and I was a lover of her beauty. [3] In that she is conversant with God, she magnifieth her nobility: yea, the Lord of all things himself loved her. [4] For she is privy to the mysteries of the knowledge of God, and a lover of his works.
The nations that survive the final battle against Jerusalem will be required to worship the LORD and observe the Feast of Tabernacles annually. Those who refuse to come will receive no rain, and Egypt specifically will face plague if they do not participate. In that day, even common items like horse bells and cooking pots will be consecrated as holy to the LORD, with no distinction between sacred and ordinary vessels in Jerusalem and Judah. This follows Zechariah's vision of the LORD's return to the Mount of Olives, the transformation of Jerusalem's landscape, and the establishment of God's universal kingship over the earth after defeating the nations that attacked Jerusalem.
[16] And it shall come to pass that everyone who is left of all the nations which came against Jerusalem shall go up from year to year to worship the King, the Lord of hosts, and to keep the Feast of Tabernacles. [17] And it shall be that whichever of the families of the earth do not come up to Jerusalem to worship the King, the Lord of hosts, on them there will be no rain. [18] If the family of Egypt will not come up and enter in, they shall have no rain; they shall receive the plague with which the Lord strikes the nations who do not come up to keep the Feast of Tabernacles. [19] This shall be the punishment of Egypt and the punishment of all the nations that do not come up to keep the Feast of Tabernacles.
[20] In that day “HOLINESS TO THE LORD” shall be engraved on the bells of the horses. The pots in the Lord’s house shall be like the bowls before the altar. [21] Yes, every pot in Jerusalem and Judah shall be holiness to the Lord of hosts. Everyone who sacrifices shall come and take them and cook in them. In that day there shall no longer be a Canaanite in the house of the Lord of hosts.
The Apostle John writes this letter late in the first century, likely from Ephesus, to churches in Asia Minor facing early Gnostic teachings that denied Jesus came in the flesh. Having walked with Christ during His earthly ministry, John now addresses believers who are encountering false teachers claiming special spiritual knowledge while dismissing the physical reality of Jesus's incarnation and the importance of moral living. These heretical ideas threaten to divide congregations and undermine the foundational truths of Christianity. John begins his epistle by establishing his apostolic authority as an eyewitness to Christ's life, death, and resurrection, preparing to counter these dangerous doctrines with the truth about Jesus's genuine humanity and deity.
[1] That which was from the beginning, which we have heard, which we have seen with our eyes, which we have looked upon, and our hands have handled, concerning the Word of life— [2] the life was manifested, and we have seen, and bear witness, and declare to you that eternal life which was with the Father and was manifested to us— [3] that which we have seen and heard we declare to you, that you also may have fellowship with us; and truly our fellowship is with the Father and with His Son Jesus Christ. [4] And these things we write to you that your joy may be full.
[5] This is the message which we have heard from Him and declare to you, that God is light and in Him is no darkness at all. [6] If we say that we have fellowship with Him, and walk in darkness, we lie and do not practice the truth. [7] But if we walk in the light as He is in the light, we have fellowship with one another, and the blood of Jesus Christ His Son cleanses us from all sin.
Jesus and His disciples travel to Caesarea Philippi in the northern region of Galilee, far from Jerusalem and the religious authorities. This journey follows Jesus' recent encounters with the Pharisees and Sadducees who demanded a sign from heaven, which He refused except to mention the sign of Jonah. Jesus has just warned His disciples about the leaven of the Pharisees and Sadducees, referring to their teaching and hypocrisy. The disciples initially misunderstood this warning, thinking He spoke about literal bread, but Jesus clarified His meaning. Now in this remote area near Mount Hermon, Jesus prepares to reveal crucial truths about His identity and mission to His closest followers, marking a pivotal transition in His ministry as He begins to speak more openly about His coming suffering and death.
[13] When Jesus came into the region of Caesarea Philippi, He asked His disciples, saying, “Who do men say that I, the Son of Man, am?”
[14] So they said, “Some say John the Baptist, some Elijah, and others Jeremiah or one of the prophets.”
[15] He said to them, “But who do you say that I am?”
[16] Simon Peter answered and said, “You are the Christ, the Son of the living God.”
[17] Jesus answered and said to him, “Blessed are you, Simon Bar-Jonah, for flesh and blood has not revealed this to you, but My Father who is in heaven. [18] And I also say to you that you are Peter, and on this rock I will build My church, and the gates of Hades shall not prevail against it. [19] And I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven, and whatever you bind on earth will be bound in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth will be loosed in heaven.”
[20] Then He commanded His disciples that they should tell no one that He was Jesus the Christ.
[21] From that time Jesus began to show to His disciples that He must go to Jerusalem, and suffer many things from the elders and chief priests and scribes, and be killed, and be raised the third day.
[22] Then Peter took Him aside and began to rebuke Him, saying, “Far be it from You, Lord; this shall not happen to You!”
[23] But He turned and said to Peter, “Get behind Me, Satan! You are an offense to Me, for you are not mindful of the things of God, but the things of men.”
[24] Then Jesus said to His disciples, “If anyone desires to come after Me, let him deny himself, and take up his cross, and follow Me. [25] For whoever desires to save his life will lose it, but whoever loses his life for My sake will find it. [26] For what profit is it to a man if he gains the whole world, and loses his own soul? Or what will a man give in exchange for his soul? [27] For the Son of Man will come in the glory of His Father with His angels, and then He will reward each according to his works. [28] “Assuredly, I say to you, there are some standing here who shall not taste death till they see the Son of Man coming in His kingdom.”
[1] Now after six days Jesus took Peter, James, and John his brother, led them up on a high mountain by themselves; [2] and He was transfigured before them. His face shone like the sun, and His clothes became as white as the light. [3] And behold, Moses and Elijah appeared to them, talking with Him. [4] Then Peter answered and said to Jesus, “Lord, it is good for us to be here; if You wish, let us make here three tabernacles: one for You, one for Moses, and one for Elijah.”
[5] While he was still speaking, behold, a bright cloud overshadowed them; and suddenly a voice came out of the cloud, saying, “This is My beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased. Hear Him!” [6] And when the disciples heard it, they fell on their faces and were greatly afraid. [7] But Jesus came and touched them and said, “Arise, and do not be afraid.” [8] When they had lifted up their eyes, they saw no one but Jesus only.
[9] Now as they came down from the mountain, Jesus commanded them, saying, “Tell the vision to no one until the Son of Man is risen from the dead.”
[10] And His disciples asked Him, saying, “Why then do the scribes say that Elijah must come first?”
[11] Jesus answered and said to them, “Indeed, Elijah is coming first and will restore all things. [12] But I say to you that Elijah has come already, and they did not know him but did to him whatever they wished. Likewise the Son of Man is also about to suffer at their hands.” [13] Then the disciples understood that He spoke to them of John the Baptist.
Jesus and three of his disciples have just descended from the mountain where Jesus was transfigured before Peter, James, and John, appearing in dazzling white garments while speaking with Moses and Elijah. During this extraordinary event, God's voice proclaimed Jesus as His beloved Son from a cloud, instructing the disciples to listen to Him. As they came down the mountain, Jesus commanded them not to tell anyone about the vision until after His resurrection from the dead. The disciples questioned Jesus about Elijah's prophesied return, and Jesus explained that Elijah had already come in the person of John the Baptist, though people did not recognize him and mistreated him, foreshadowing similar suffering for the Son of Man. Now Jesus and these three disciples rejoin the other nine disciples and encounter a crowd waiting below.
[14] And when they had come to the multitude, a man came to Him, kneeling down to Him and saying, [15] “Lord, have mercy on my son, for he is an epileptic and suffers severely; for he often falls into the fire and often into the water. [16] So I brought him to Your disciples, but they could not cure him.”
[17] Then Jesus answered and said, “O faithless and perverse generation, how long shall I be with you? How long shall I bear with you? Bring him here to Me.” [18] And Jesus rebuked the demon, and it came out of him; and the child was cured from that very hour.
[19] Then the disciples came to Jesus privately and said, “Why could we not cast it out?”
[20] So Jesus said to them, “Because of your unbelief; for assuredly, I say to you, if you have faith as a mustard seed, you will say to this mountain, ‘Move from here to there,’ and it will move; and nothing will be impossible for you. [21] However, this kind does not go out except by prayer and fasting.”
Jesus has just taught his disciples about the cost of following him, explaining that anyone who wants to be his disciple must deny themselves, take up their cross, and follow him. He warned that those who are ashamed of him and his words will face judgment when he returns in his Father's glory with the holy angels. Jesus emphasized that gaining the whole world means nothing if one loses their soul, and there is nothing a person can give in exchange for their soul. This teaching followed Peter's confession that Jesus is the Christ and Jesus's first prediction of his coming suffering, death, and resurrection in Jerusalem, which Peter had rebuked him for making. Jesus is addressing his disciples and the crowd he has called to himself.
[1] And He said to them, “Assuredly, I say to you that there are some standing here who will not taste death till they see the kingdom of God present with power.”
[2] Now after six days Jesus took Peter, James, and John, and led them up on a high mountain apart by themselves; and He was transfigured before them. [3] His clothes became shining, exceedingly white, like snow, such as no launderer on earth can whiten them. [4] And Elijah appeared to them with Moses, and they were talking with Jesus. [5] Then Peter answered and said to Jesus, “Rabbi, it is good for us to be here; and let us make three tabernacles: one for You, one for Moses, and one for Elijah”— [6] because he did not know what to say, for they were greatly afraid.
[7] And a cloud came and overshadowed them; and a voice came out of the cloud, saying, “This is My beloved Son. Hear Him!” [8] Suddenly, when they had looked around, they saw no one anymore, but only Jesus with themselves.
[9] Now as they came down from the mountain, He commanded them that they should tell no one the things they had seen, till the Son of Man had risen from the dead. [10] So they kept this word to themselves, questioning what the rising from the dead meant.
[11] And they asked Him, saying, “Why do the scribes say that Elijah must come first?”
[12] Then He answered and told them, “Indeed, Elijah is coming first and restores all things. And how is it written concerning the Son of Man, that He must suffer many things and be treated with contempt? [13] But I say to you that Elijah has also come, and they did to him whatever they wished, as it is written of him.”
After Jesus fed the five thousand and taught about being the bread of life in Capernaum, many disciples found his teachings difficult and stopped following him. Jesus then asked the Twelve if they would also leave, and Peter affirmed their commitment, declaring Jesus as the Holy One of God. Jesus responded by noting that one of the Twelve was a devil. Following these events in Galilee, Jesus deliberately avoided Judea because Jewish leaders there were seeking to kill him. The Jewish Feast of Tabernacles was approaching, creating tension about whether Jesus would attend this major pilgrimage festival in Jerusalem despite the danger. Jesus' brothers are addressing Jesus, urging him to go to Judea and display his works publicly at the feast.
[1] After these things Jesus walked in Galilee; for He did not want to walk in Judea, because the Jews sought to kill Him. [2] Now the Jews’ Feast of Tabernacles was at hand. [3] His brothers therefore said to Him, “Depart from here and go into Judea, that Your disciples also may see the works that You are doing. [4] For no one does anything in secret while he himself seeks to be known openly. If You do these things, show Yourself to the world.” [5] For even His brothers did not believe in Him.
[6] Then Jesus said to them, “My time has not yet come, but your time is always ready. [7] The world cannot hate you, but it hates Me because I testify of it that its works are evil. [8] You go up to this feast. I am not yet going up to this feast, for My time has not yet fully come.” [9] When He had said these things to them, He remained in Galilee.
[10] But when His brothers had gone up, then He also went up to the feast, not openly, but as it were in secret. [11] Then the Jews sought Him at the feast, and said, “Where is He?” [12] And there was much complaining among the people concerning Him. Some said, “He is good”; others said, “No, on the contrary, He deceives the people.” [13] However, no one spoke openly of Him for fear of the Jews.
The Israelites have arrived at Mount Sinai after their exodus from Egypt, and God has established His covenant with them. Moses has already ascended the mountain once to receive the Ten Commandments and other laws, which he relayed to the people. The Israelites unanimously agreed to obey all God's words. Moses then wrote down the laws, built an altar at the mountain's base, and conducted a covenant ceremony involving burnt offerings and fellowship offerings. He read the Book of the Covenant to the people, who again pledged their obedience, and Moses sprinkled them with blood to ratify the covenant. Moses, Aaron, Aaron's sons Nadab and Abihu, and seventy elders then ascended the mountain where they saw God and shared a covenant meal in His presence.
[12] Then the Lord said to Moses, “Come up to Me on the mountain and be there; and I will give you tablets of stone, and the law and commandments which I have written, that you may teach them.”
[13] So Moses arose with his assistant Joshua, and Moses went up to the mountain of God. [14] And he said to the elders, “Wait here for us until we come back to you. Indeed, Aaron and Hur are with you. If any man has a difficulty, let him go to them.” [15] Then Moses went up into the mountain, and a cloud covered the mountain.
[16] Now the glory of the Lord rested on Mount Sinai, and the cloud covered it six days. And on the seventh day He called to Moses out of the midst of the cloud. [17] The sight of the glory of the Lord was like a consuming fire on the top of the mountain in the eyes of the children of Israel. [18] So Moses went into the midst of the cloud and went up into the mountain. And Moses was on the mountain forty days and forty nights.
The prophet Elijah flees to Mount Horeb after Queen Jezebel threatens his life for executing the prophets of Baal following his dramatic victory on Mount Carmel. Exhausted and despondent, Elijah travels forty days through the wilderness, sustained by food provided by an angel. Upon reaching the mountain, he takes shelter in a cave where the Lord questions why he has come. Elijah responds that he has been zealous for the Lord, but the Israelites have broken their covenant, destroyed the altars, and killed the prophets, leaving him as the sole survivor facing death threats. The Lord then commands Elijah to stand on the mountain because He is about to pass by.
[11] Then He said, “Go out, and stand on the mountain before the Lord.” And behold, the Lord passed by, and a great and strong wind tore into the mountains and broke the rocks in pieces before the Lord, but the Lord was not in the wind; and after the wind an earthquake, but the Lord was not in the earthquake; [12] and after the earthquake a fire, but the Lord was not in the fire; and after the fire a still small voice.
[13] So it was, when Elijah heard it, that he wrapped his face in his mantle and went out and stood in the entrance of the cave. Suddenly a voice came to him, and said, “What are you doing here, Elijah?”
[14] And he said, “I have been very zealous for the Lord God of hosts; because the children of Israel have forsaken Your covenant, torn down Your altars, and killed Your prophets with the sword. I alone am left; and they seek to take my life.”
[15] Then the Lord said to him: “Go, return on your way to the Wilderness of Damascus; and when you arrive, anoint Hazael as king over Syria. [16] Also you shall anoint Jehu the son of Nimshi as king over Israel. And Elisha the son of Shaphat of Abel Meholah you shall anoint as prophet in your place.
The prophet Isaiah addresses Israel during their Babylonian exile, offering comfort and hope for their eventual restoration. God has announced that Jerusalem's period of punishment has ended and her sins are pardoned. Isaiah describes a voice calling for preparation of a highway through the wilderness for the Lord's return, proclaiming that God will come with power to shepherd His people back to their homeland. The prophet emphasizes God's sovereign control over all nations and His tender care for His flock, comparing Him to a shepherd who gathers lambs and gently leads nursing ewes. This message of divine comfort follows centuries of warnings about judgment and comes at a pivotal moment when the exiled Israelites need assurance of God's continued faithfulness and His plan to restore them to Jerusalem.
[9] O Zion,
You who bring good tidings,
Get up into the high mountain;
O Jerusalem,
You who bring good tidings,
Lift up your voice with strength,
Lift it up, be not afraid;
Say to the cities of Judah, “Behold your God!”
[10] Behold, the Lord God shall come with a strong hand,
And His arm shall rule for Him;
Behold, His reward is with Him,
And His work before Him.
[11] He will feed His flock like a shepherd;
He will gather the lambs with His arm,
And carry them in His bosom,
And gently lead those who are with young.
[12] Who has measured the waters in the hollow of His hand,
Measured heaven with a span
And calculated the dust of the earth in a measure?
Weighed the mountains in scales
And the hills in a balance?
[13] Who has directed the Spirit of the Lord,
Or as His counselor has taught Him?
[14] With whom did He take counsel, and who instructed Him,
And taught Him in the path of justice?
Who taught Him knowledge,
And showed Him the way of understanding?
[15] Behold, the nations are as a drop in a bucket,
And are counted as the small dust on the scales;
Look, He lifts up the isles as a very little thing.
[16] And Lebanon is not sufficient to burn,
Nor its beasts sufficient for a burnt offering.
[17] All nations before Him are as nothing,
And they are counted by Him less than nothing and worthless.
The author has been urging Hebrew Christians to persevere in faith despite persecution and hardship, warning them against falling away from God's grace. He has just encouraged them to pursue holiness and peace, citing Esau as an example of one who despised his birthright and found no opportunity for repentance. The author reminds them that they have not come to a physical mountain like Mount Sinai, where God's terrifying presence caused even Moses to tremble, but rather to Mount Zion and the heavenly Jerusalem. He contrasts the old covenant's fearful manifestation at Sinai with the new covenant's access to God through Christ, emphasizing the superior privileges believers now enjoy in approaching God's presence with the assembly of the firstborn and the spirits of righteous people made perfect.
[18] For you have not come to the mountain that may be touched and that burned with fire, and to blackness and darkness and tempest, [19] and the sound of a trumpet and the voice of words, so that those who heard it begged that the word should not be spoken to them anymore. [20] (For they could not endure what was commanded: “And if so much as a beast touches the mountain, it shall be stoned or shot with an arrow.” [21] And so terrifying was the sight that Moses said, “I am exceedingly afraid and trembling.”)
[22] But you have come to Mount Zion and to the city of the living God, the heavenly Jerusalem, to an innumerable company of angels, [23] to the general assembly and church of the firstborn who are registered in heaven, to God the Judge of all, to the spirits of just men made perfect, [24] to Jesus the Mediator of the new covenant, and to the blood of sprinkling that speaks better things than that of Abel.
[25] See that you do not refuse Him who speaks. For if they did not escape who refused Him who spoke on earth, much more shall we not escape if we turn away from Him who speaks from heaven, [26] whose voice then shook the earth; but now He has promised, saying, “Yet once more I shake not only the earth, but also heaven.” [27] Now this, “Yet once more,” indicates the removal of those things that are being shaken, as of things that are made, that the things which cannot be shaken may remain.